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Polytrichum alpinum
''Polytrichum alpinum'', also known as Alpine haircap is a species of moss from the family Polytrichaceae. It is widely distributed and may be found growing among other moss species.
== Description ==
''Polytrichum alpinum'' grows to form a loose, muddy green or bluish-green to brownish lawn. Typically, it grows up to high. The upright to erect stems often carry tufted branches of equal length above. In the lower part of the stems, leaves are small and scale-like, but become larger in the upper stem section – usually 7–10 mm long. The broad-oval, yellowish to brownish sheath at the leaf base is linear-lanceolate and occupies less than a third of the total leaf length. Leaf edges are serrated, fitting together when dry and bending back and protruding when wet. The leaf rib is cut in the upper part, emerging from the back as a short spike from the blade tip.
The spreading part of the leaf is covered with numerous lamellae (up to 40), these are in the middle of the leaf, 5-9 cells high. At the end cell, the lamella cross section is larger, ovoid and papillose. In the upper leaf, cells are square to rectangular, while lower down they become more elongated and have a hyaline (glassy) appearance.
The moss is dioecious and bears fruit fairly often, with spores maturing in summer. Spores are 14 to 20 µm in size and have fine hairs. The spore capsule is up to long, red below and yellowish above. The olive-brown to black seta (stalk) is slightly curved and tilted and has an elliptical-cylindrical shape. It has a clearly contrasting neck with numerous large, single-celled stomata.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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